A Book Review
Last year I came across this post on a message board, and it inspired me to buy Jasper Becker’s book, The Chinese.
I have lived in China four and a half years and Jasper Becker’s “The Chinese,” gave me more insight into the reasons why things are the way they are here than any other source. The depth and immediacy of the work makes it easy to keep going even when the facts are sometimes brutal. He illuminates Chinese history and connects it to the problems of the present with grace and assurance. I kept saying, “Aha!” as I read and discovered the answers and causes I had searched for myself. Becker’s writing has a fine way of “taking” the reader somewhere – as if curiousity and the need to know have created a path. His sources are terrific and the notes and bibliography alone make a fine reference.
Annali Galey
Xiamen, China
I had a very similar experience reading The Chinese. Aspects of books like Grass Soup and Wild Swans that earlier seemed quite odd to me became clear,as Becker tied Chinese behavior today to the history on which it is founded. It is not a detailed history book. It’s more of a primer on what makes China the inscrutable place it is today.
While I’d read much about this subject earlier and knew that the Chinese government of today is in many ways similar to that of its earliest emperor, Becker’s examples and commentary bring this point vividly to life. He writes about the plight of China’s peasants contrasted with their rulers’ never-ending orgy of corruption and gluttony with enough wit and pith to keep it always engaging. It’s definitely one of those books you don’t want to put down.
While the book is at first glance a series of loosley connected vignettes and anecdotes, it has a definite and simple purpose: to unwrap what seems to the Western eye to be the endless series of riddles and enigmas that is China. Becker has done a remarkable job, taking so many disparate anecdotes and melding them together to form a unified, coherent exploration of China and the deep challenges it faces at the start of the new millennium.
Becker sees the Chinese Communist Party as the greatest blight in this country’s 5,000-year history, and points out its sins in a methodical, matter-of-fact manner, with plenty of documentation and quotes. He is never preachy like Gordon Chang (The Coming Collapse of China); he makes his points without polemicizing.
It’s almost impossible for me to pick and choose quotes that show how smart and perceptive Becker is — I’d have to quote just about every page. Here’s a random example, a description of just how distant China’s government is from the mass of its people:
Whether China should be treated as a state, an empire, a self-perpetuating bureaucracy, a culture or a nation is an open question. Perhaps it is quite simply sui generis. Even so, the way of life that China’s rulers have created for themselves since they won power in 1949 seems a peculiar retrogression. For they live as a separate caste, in a style as secluded as anything created by the Qing or earlier imperial dynasties….
Without the need for regular contact with the “masses,” China’s ruling elites not only lead lives entirely separate from their subjects but they also inhabit a political system that prevents any views from below from ever reaching them. Dissidents are given lengthy prison sentences as a warning to all, and China is now one of the last countries in the world without a functioning parliament. The National People’s Congress does exist but it has no building of its own, no permanent staff or offices and it assembles just 10 days a year.
That’s a powerful image: a congress that has no address, no phone number, that simply melts away after the annual party congress. And it underscores Becker’s larger point, that this government has no legitimacy or claim to power, it has no mandate from its subjects and rules by terror and threat, answering to no one and destroying whomever gets in its way.
Becker gives example after example of this. “One petitioner who tried to hand a letter to Mary Robertson, the first UN Human Rights Commissioner to visit China, was dragged away screaming before her eyes in 1998.” Businessmen are thrown into jail simply for succeeding in a manner that threatens a state-owned enterprise. And his descriptions of China’s 700 million utterly disenfranchised peasants taxed and exploited in the nation’s poorest provinces are simply infuriating.
Again, it isn’t just a recounting of today’s suffering in China, but of what the origins of the suffering are and why in so many respects things in China do not change. It also deals at great length with the country’s new wealth and what it’s meant for the mass of the people.
China is now a society in which everyone seems to be engaged in deceiving and cheating one another. In such circumstances, the transition to a market economy has not led to any fairness. Hard work and honesty are not rewarded; corruption is. The privatization process in a dictatorship such as China has brought about the criminalization of the state Party members, who are beyond the law, have been free to engage in the theft of state assets on a grand scale. The cynicism and hypocrisy this has fostered are destructive….A society in which no one is prepared to tell the truth, whether about historical events, small or large, or commercial transactions, cannot prosper.
As long as the CCP is accountble to no one, as long as there is no independent judiciary with the power to back up wth law, Becker sees no hope for true change and progress in China, only window dressing. He totally rejects the notion that the CCP is doing great things for China. Considering the sheer industriousness and entrepreneurial spirit of the Chinese, one can only imagine what they could do and how they could improve their lives if they were given true freedom in business, without facing prison and beatings and death for threatening local officials. (And success in a business that competes with an SOE is a threat to local officials, who grow rich from the money-bleeding state-supported business, the lifeblood of China’s corruption.)
I would say that anyone who wants a relatively brief and highly readable guidebook to why China is the nation it is today must read The Chinese. It’s not a pretty story and there is little to feel happy about when you’re finished with it. But it is an eye-opener, and it offers no mercy to the myth that the CCP is an actual government representing its people. Far from it.
A quick note on Becker: I referred to The Chinese in a comment on another web site some months ago, and another commenter quickly jumped in, saying Becker could not be believed or trusted because he is “anti-Chinese.”
First, Becker is obviously very, very pro-Chinese or he wouldn’t be writing this book about them and lamenting the tyranny under which so many now live. Second, to be “anti” any government does not necessarily mean you are against that government’s country or people. (I hate Bush, but I despise random and thoughtless anti-Americanism.) The commenter meant that Becker is anti-CCP, a big plus in my book.
Let’s think about the commenter’s point for a moment. When we read a book about Stalin or Hitler do we feel better knowing that the writer is pro-KGB or pro-Nazi? When we read a book about China, should a criterion for its credibility be whether its author is pro-Mao or pro-CCP? I would say it’s just the opposite. If I know a writer on China is pro-Mao or pro-CCP, I will immediately look at his words with a higher degree of skepticism. Same with books on Nazi Germany. Anyone sympathetic to such causes, in my eyes, has blinded himself to history, to facts. So to paint Becker as unreliable and untrustworthy because he hates the CCP won’t fly. Now, if he allows this prejudice to cause him to lie, to alter facts, to leave things out or to propagandize, then I’ll be wary. But after reading the entire book and then reading dozens of reviews from the most reputable writers and historians, I have a huge degree of admiration and respect for Becker and what he has accomplished.
The Chinese, along with Becker’s other highly acclaimed history, Hungry Ghosts, should be required reading. After reading it, one can never view China with quite the same perspective again.
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